The ACL (Anterior Cruciate Ligament) cannot be repaired through natural healing since it has limited capacity for self-healing due to its poor blood supply. However, ACL injuries are commonly treated through surgical reconstruction. Here's an overview of the typical steps involved in ACL reconstruction surgery:
- Preoperative evaluation: Before the surgery, you'll undergo a thorough evaluation by an orthopedic surgeon. This may include a physical examination, imaging tests (such as MRI), and a discussion about your medical history, lifestyle, and goals.
- Anesthesia: On the day of surgery, you'll receive anesthesia to ensure you're comfortable and pain-free during the procedure. The type of anesthesia can vary and may include general anesthesia or regional anesthesia (such as a spinal block).
- Incision and preparation: The surgeon will make small incisions around the knee to access the joint. Special sterile techniques are employed to minimize the risk of infection. The damaged ACL is then removed to prepare for reconstruction.
- Graft selection: The surgeon will choose a graft to replace the torn ACL. Common graft options include autografts (tissue taken from your own body) or allografts (tissue from a donor). Autografts are often harvested from the patellar tendon, hamstring tendons, or quadriceps tendon.
- Tunnel creation: The surgeon will drill tunnels into the thighbone (femur) and shinbone (tibia) to accurately position the new graft. These tunnels serve as anchor points for the graft to be secured.
- Graft placement: The selected graft is then passed through the tunnels, replicating the position and function of the original ACL. The graft is fixed in place using screws, staples, or other fixation devices.
- Wound closure: The incisions are carefully closed using sutures or surgical staples. Sterile dressings or bandages may be applied to protect the surgical site.
- Postoperative care and rehabilitation: Following surgery, you'll be provided with specific instructions on postoperative care, pain management, and rehabilitation. Physical therapy plays a critical role in restoring strength, stability, and range of motion to the knee. Rehabilitation usually involves a progressive program tailored to your individual needs and goals.
It's essential to consult with an orthopedic surgeon for a detailed understanding of the specific surgical procedure, as techniques and approaches may vary depending on the surgeon, the individual patient, and other factors.
Source: Vivacare
Last updated : 6/2/2023